Exercise 3: Cartographic Fundamentals

3D Sandbox Terrain

Figure 1. Sandbox Terrain that includes an areal image measured in centimeters, four 3D side views of the terrain, and a reference map.

The location of the sandbox was on the University’s campus to the East of Phillips Hall, across the road of Roosevelt Ave. About 100 ft. from the loading dock of Phillips, the sandbox was placed next to a shed. In Figure 1, the map is broken down into 4 angles of the terrain from ArcScene and a large image of an areal view of the sandbox. Specifically looking at the areal view, the goal of the terrain was to include a ridge, hill, depression, valley, and a plain. The terrain was measured in centimeters. The hill is the highest elevated area on the map if you look at the white color. The statistics show that the maximum value is 21.74 cm (Table 1). The minimum value is 6.86 cm, which can be identifies in the dark green areas along the red ridge in Figure 1. The mean elevation of this terrain was calculated as 12.47 cm. This is approximately the same elevation as the plain, located in the lower right corner of the image. The four side view images are shown from each corner of the terrain. The dimensions of the sandbox are expressed as 114 x 114 cm. Each view is labeled as to what direction it is viewing from: NW, NE, SE, SW. The X and Y-axis are also labeled to be identified as it changes when the corner view rotates.

Table 1. Elevation (cm) statistics of the Sandbox Terrain calculated in ArcMap. 

Hadleyville Cemetery 
The data for the Hadleyville Cemetery Gravestones was collected on September 14, 2016 using a phantom drone at 50 meters in altitude. The raster image was projected in WGS 1984. This site is located in Hadleyville in Eau Claire County, WI.

Figure 2. Hadleyville Cemetery with the last names on the gravestones labeled.

Many of the gravestones in Figure 2 are grouped by families. Many of these plots of land placed next to one another by plots of land that families typically purchase together. The top ri ght corner consists of many Session's and McDonald's and Jacot's below them. The bottom right corner does not have many gravestones yet. This could be for future deaths, there is however, four stones in the lower part. The upper left corner of the grave does not have many head stones, but the left side in general contains the names like Hadley or Cleasby.

Figure 3. Hadleyville Cemetery with the year the gravestones were placed labeled on it.

Figure 3 shows the Year of Death (YOD) of each grave. Splitting the graves into three sections, the left side contains many graves from the late 1800s. A few of the graves are in the early 1900s, but this could be due to having family plots of land pre-purchased for other members of the family. This pattern continues for the middle of the graveyard as well. But the left side has changes the year of death. The graves are mainly in the 1900s, earlier and later. There is also one grade that defines the year of death in 2006.

Figure 4. Hadleyville Cemetery with the the Year of Death (YOD) represented with a graduated symbol for the newer stones being larger and the older stones having a smaller symbol. 

Another figure symbolically demonstrates the age of the stones (Figure 4). The stones range from 1859 to 2006. They are split into five classes. The smaller symbols represent older stones, while the larger symbols are younger stones. The larger symbols are mainly grouped together in upper right corner and the upper middle. However, there are still larger symbols scattered around the grave. Many of the smaller symbols are located in the midde of the graveyard and to the left. There are also many more smaller symbols than bigger ones.

Figure 5. Hadleyville Cemetery showing which gravestones are still standing or not.

The final map is shows if the grave stones are still standing or not. Looking at the layout in Figure 5, there is only 5 red dots. Therefore out of all the gravestones in the Hadleyville Cemetery, there is only 5 that are no longer standing.